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Table 2 Summary of eligible studies of FBD and variables used for prevalence estimates of pathogens in human stool samples in Ethiopia

From: Prevalence and epidemiological distribution of selected foodborne pathogens in human and different environmental samples in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

FBP Reference Year Of Study Geographic area Region District or town Study design Age group Stool condition Diagnostic technique Sample size No positive 95%-CI %
Eschechia coli [37] 2014 Central Ethiopia other other HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 70 0 0.00(0.04–10.27)
Eschechia coli [38] 2017 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Bahir Dar HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 344 35 10.17(7.39–13.84)
Eschechia coli [39] 2012 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Bahir Dar HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 422 204 48.34(43.60–53.11)
Eschechia coli [40] 2015 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB retro All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 170 0 0.00(0.02–4.50)
Eschechia coli [41] 2017 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 290 13 4.48(2.62–7.57)
Eschechia coli [41] 2017 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 140 8 5.71(2.88–11.01)
Eschechia coli [42] 2015 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 253 61 24.11(19.24–29.76)
Eschechia coli [43] 2007 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Gondar HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 384 0 0.00(0.01–2.04)
Eschechia coli [44] 2016 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB CS Adult Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 102 2 1.96(0.49–7.50)
Eschechia coli [44] 2016 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB CS Adult Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 113 0 0.00(0.03–6.62)
Eschechia coli [45] 2013 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 253 61 24.11(19.24–29.76)
Eschechia coli [46] 2015 Eastern Ethiopia Dire dawa Dire dawa HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 196 25 12.76(8.77–18.20)
Eschechia coli [24] 2016 Central Ethiopia Amhara D/ Berhan HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 163 47 28.83(22.40–36.25)
Eschechia coli [47] 2018 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Gondar IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 257 5 1.95(0.81–4.59)
Eschechia coli [48] 2015 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara D/Markos HFB retro UFC Unidentified C, Gs and BT 50 1 2.00(1.95–17.02)
Eschechia coli [48] 2015 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara D/Markos HFB retro All age Unidentified C, Gs and BT 58 1 1.72(0.24–11.24)
Salmonella [29] 2014 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, BT, Ag and Mol 957 59 6.17(4.81–7.88)
Salmonella [49] 2016 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 99 7 7.07(3.41–14.10)
Salmonella [50] 2017 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hosanna HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 204 2 0.98(0.25–3.83)
Salmonella [38] 2017 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Bahir Dar HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 344 6 1.74(0.79–3.83)
Salmonella [51] 2012 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Bahir Dar HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 422 33 7.82(5.61–10.80)
Salmonella [52] 2017 Southern Ethiopia SNNP A/Minch HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 167 21 12.57(8.34–18.52)
Salmonella [40] 2015 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB retro All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 170 5 2.94(1.23–6.87)
Salmonella [53] 2002 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 205 22 10.73(7.17–15.76)
Salmonella [54] 2016 Southeast Ethiopia Oromia Bale Robe HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 139 7 5.04(2.42–10.19)
Salmonella [54] 2016 Southeast Ethiopia Oromia Goba HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 283 22 7.77(5.17–11.52)
Salmonella [55] 2001 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS Adult Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 152 11 7.24(4.05–12.59)
Salmonella [41] 2017 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 140 4 2.86(1.08–7.36)
Salmonella [41] 2017 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 290 7 2.41(1.16–4.98)
Salmonella [56] 2003 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 430 21 4.88(3.21–7.37)
Salmonella [57] 2012 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 179 12 6.70(3.85–11.43)
Salmonella [57] 2012 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 260 16 6.15(3.80–9.81)
Salmonella [58] 2014 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Gondar HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 372 4 1.08(0.40–2.83)
Salmonella [29] 2014 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT, Ag and Mol 160 10 6.25(3.40–11.23)
Salmonella [13] 2016 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Wegera CB CS UFc Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 112 1 0.89(0.13–6.06)
Salmonella [59] 2012 Northern Ethiopia Tigray Mekele HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 260 19 7.31(4.71–11.17)
Salmonella [59] 2012 Northern Ethiopia Tigray Mekele HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 115 14 12.17(7.34–19.51)
Salmonella [42] 2015 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 253 10 3.95(2.14–7.19)
Salmonella [60] 2015 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS under 10 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 22 0 0.00(0.13–26.81)
Salmonella [61] 2019 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 263 1 0.38(0.05–2.65)
Salmonella [43] 2007 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Gondar HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 384 6 1.56(0.70–3.43)
Salmonella [44] 2016 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB CS Adult Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 102 7 6.86(3.31–13.70)
Salmonella [62] 2014 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 176 19 10.80(6.99–16.30)
Salmonella [62] 2014 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS under 10 Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 54 6 11.11(5.08–22.60)
Salmonella [45] 2013 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 253 10 3.95(2.14–7.19)
Salmonella [46] 2015 Eastern Ethiopia Dire dawa Dire dawa HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 196 7 3.57(1.71–7.30)
Salmonella [63] 2017 Western Ethiopia Gambella Gambella IB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 134 4 2.99(1.12–7.68)
Salmonella [64] 2012 Central Ethiopia SNNP Butajira HFB CS under 15 Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 174 22 12.64(8.47–18.46)
Salmonella [64] 2012 Central Ethiopia SNNP Butajira HFB CS Adult Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 208 18 8.65(5.52–13.32)
Salmonella [65] 2011 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 158 4 2.53(0.95–6.55)
Salmonella [66] 2007 Eastern Ethiopia Harari Harar HFB CS Adult Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 244 28 11.48(8.04–16.12)
Salmonella [67] 2016 Western Ethiopia Oromia Nekemt HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 422 30 7.11(5.01–9.99)
Salmonella [68] 2017 Central Ethiopia Oromia Adama HFB CS All age Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 232 20 8.62(5.63–12.98)
Salmonella [28] 2014 Central Ethiopia Oromia Ambo HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 239 3 1.26(0.41–3.82)
Salmonella [69] 2012 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Bahir Dar HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, BT and Ag 422 33 7.82(5.61–10.80)
Salmonella [24] 2016 Central Ethiopia Amhara D/ Berhan HFB CS UFC Diarrheic C, Gs and BT 163 5 3.07(1.28–7.16)
Salmonella [70] 2009 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Bahir Dar IB CS Adult Mixed C, Gs and BT 384 6 1.56(0.70–3.43)
Salmonella [71] 2006 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS under 15 Mixed C, BT and Ag 400 10 2.50(1.35–4.58)
Salmonella [71] 2006 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB CS under 15 Mixed C, BT and Ag 825 55 6.67(5.15–8.58)
Salmonella [72] 2016 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara D/Markos IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 220 8 3.64(1.83–7.10)
Salmonella [73] 2013 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 172 6 3.49(1.58–7.55)
Salmonella [74] 2018 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 236 5 2.12(0.88–4.99)
Salmonella [55] 2001 Southwest Ethiopia Oromia Jimma HFB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 220 0 0.00(0.01–3.51)
Salmonella [75] 2017 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Wolkite IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 170 8 4.71(2.37–9.13)
Salmonella [13] 2016 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Wegera CB CS UFC Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 113 1 0.88(0.12–6.01)
Salmonella [47] 2018 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara Gondar IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 257 3 1.17(0.38–3.56)
Salmonella [44] 2016 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Hawassa HFB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, BT and Ag 113 4 3.54(1.33–9.05)
Salmonella [76] 2015 Southern Ethiopia SNNP A/ Minch IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 345 24 6.96(4.71–10.17)
Salmonella [77] 2016 Eastern Ethiopia Harari Harar IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 417 15 3.60(2.18–5.88)
Salmonella [63] 2017 Western Ethiopia Gambella Gambella IB CS UFC Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 134 2 1.49(0.37–5.77)
Salmonella [78] 2017 Southern Ethiopia SNNP Sodo IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, BT and Ag 387 35 9.04(6.56–12.34)
Salmonella [79] 2017 Eastern Ethiopia Dire dawa Dire dawa CB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 218 13 5.96(3.49–10.00)
Salmonella [80] 2016 Southwest Ethiopia oromia jimma IB CS Adult Nondiarrheic C, Gs and BT 50 9 18.00(9.64–31.11)
Salmonella [81] 2015 Central Ethiopia A.A A.A HFB retro All age Unidentified C, Gs and BT 136 43 31.62(24.36–39.89)
Salmonella [48] 2015 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara D/Markos HFB retro UFC Unidentified C, Gs and BT 50 12 24.00(14.16–37.67)
Salmonella [48] 2015 Northwest Ethiopia Amhara D/Markos HFB retro All age Unidentified C, Gs and BT 58 24 41.38(29.51–54.34)
  1. A.A Addis Ababa, C Culture (plate culture), Gs Gram stain, BT Biochemical test, Ag Antigen detection (agglutination), Mol Molecular like PCR, HFB CS Health facility based cross-sectional study, CB Cs-s Community based cross-sectional study, HFB retro Health facility based retrospective study, IB CS Institution based cross-sectional study, UFC under five children, SNNP Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples
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